An Urgent Call for Reform in Indonesian Boat Safety

Deadly Waters: Despite the alarming number of fatalities from accidents at sea, no steps are being made to prevent further deaths

Jakarta Globe, Kennial Caroline Laia, Aug 03, 2014

Relatives go through a list of casualties from a boat accident in Panai Hilir, North
 Sumatra, one in a alarming string of similar incidents during the Idul Fitri week.
(EPA Photo/Adil Situmorang)

Jakarta. Urgent reform in the Indonesian maritime transportation system is needed after a recent string of fatal boat accidents, analysts say, adding that the incoming Joko Widodo-Jusuf Kalla government should make the issue a priority.

“Our sea transportation system needs an immediate fix. If the government continues to neglect it, boat accidents in our waters will happen again and again,” Suyono Dikun, transportation expert with the University of Indonesia, told the Jakarta Globe.

At least 50 people have died and dozens remain missing in four boat accidents that occurred in the past week across the archipelago. Officials have admitted that aside from rough waters, most of the incidents were caused by overcapacity.

A boat carrying at least 51 people sank in waters between South Sulawesi and Selayar Islands on Wednesday.

Seventeen people are now known to have died in the accident, which marks the end of a tragic week in the country’s maritime transportation system.

On July 28, the first day of this year’s Idul Fitri, two people died and two remain missing after a ferry sank in the Nabire district of Papua.

The following day, a ferry carrying some 70 travelers across a Kalimantan river sank, with the final death toll put at 18.

Sutopo Purwo Nugroho, a spokesman for the National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB), told state-run Antara news agency on Wednesday that the boat had been carrying more than double its maximum capacity.

On Wednesday, a fishing boat sank in Berombang river, located in the Labuhan Batu district of North Sumatra, claiming 13 lives — 10 of whom were children.

Last week at least three people died after an overloaded boat ferrying Indonesians home for the coming Idul Fitri holiday sank off southern Malaysia.

Three bodies were recovered, 10 people were rescued and eight more remained missing in the incident. The boat — carrying 21 Indonesian undocumented migrant workers — capsized and sank in rough seas off Malaysia’s Johor state, said Iskandar Ishak, the local head of the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency, as quoted by AFP. Officials added that the boat had a capacity of just eight passengers.

Suyono blamed the government for the alarming number of disasters across Indonesian seas that could have been prevented, saying that state policies on safety in water transportation and their enforcement were far from sufficient to protect passengers.

Additionally, boat operators seem to lack concern over their customers’ safety, loading as many passengers as possible for profit, regardless of the vessel’s capacity.

“The government did not place transportation safety as a priority in its policy. Meanwhile, most Indonesian boat crews take safety precautions very lightly. For them, safety is a trivial factor in their business,” Suyono said. “Despite the accidents and resulting casualties, boat companies, their crew and the government have not done anything to improve the situation.”

He also pointed out that the Indonesian government has never allocated a special budget to improve the safety equipment on board boats and trains, nor are their employees trained on crucial, life-saving safety procedures.

“As far as money is concerned, I have never heard of the government distributing funds for any sort of safety features on boats,” Suyono said.

Danang Parikesit, former chairman of the Indonesian Transportation Society (MTI), said that sea transportation was more prone to accidents than other modes of travel, due largely to a lack of supervision from the government.

“State management and supervision is close to nonexistent. In the context of the country’s transportation system, safety equipment is not a priority, nor is the routine inspection of these equipment,” he said. “In addition, our evacuation procedures — which include the handling of victims — are far from meeting international standards. That is the main factor for the high number of casualties in boat accidents.

“This is beyond critical. MTI’s study in 2008 shows that compared to other countries in the world, our government has failed to pay attention toward the safety in the sea or river transportation,” he said.

Danang pointed out that the small amount of media coverage on boat accidents contributed to the public and the government’s low level of awareness concerning water transportation.

“The media rarely covers boat accidents. Most report only on large incidents, so many tragic occurrences actually go undetected by the public,” Danang said.

“The media should be more proactive in writing or reporting on stories related to water transportation in Indonesia in order to put more pressure on the government,” he added. “Even after all the horrific accidents that occurred these past two months, our officials are still not taking action.”

Meanwhile, Danang said, most boat operators continue operating despite having little to no understanding of the necessary safety features and procedures that may save passengers in case of an accident.

“Most of these companies don’t even equip their vessels with sufficient safety gear,” he said.

Despite the pressing need for improvement in safety standards and the skills of boat personnel, inaction, little concern and a lack of understanding continue to be a detrimental force between the two entities that have the power to change the increasingly alarming situation: the government and transportation operators.

“In the past five years, no significant steps have been made to prevent accidents at sea. No attention has been made to safety. There has been no improvement at all,” Danang said.

“I urge the new government to take the necessary steps in preventing further calamities at sea by not only tightening rules and regulations concerning water transportation, but also improving on the meager supply of safety equipment [on board vessels],” he added.

Both Suyono and Danang called on the incoming Joko-Kalla administration to prioritize sea transportation over other forms of travel, pointing to the fact that Indonesia is an archipelago.

“With thousands of islands separated by water, the transportation system in this sector should be placed at the government’s ‘to do’ list ,” said Danang.

Suyono hopes the president-elect will tackle the issue before more Indonesians fall victim to negligence at sea.

“The outgoing administration has failed in protecting its travelers. But this could be a lesson for the next government. They need to address the situation as soon as possible,” he said.